The History of Background The rise of the National Movement

The existence of ethical politics is a form of fine colonization by providing a real educational program included in the political implementation of the association of politics by replacing the original culture in the colony with the culture owned by the colonizer itself. Although in the execution of ethical politics many deviations are done, there is a positive side obtained by indigenous people such as established schools for the natives.

But there is a special purpose with the establishment of schools for the natives to the Netherlands is to get employees with a low salary than the salary of Dutch civil servants. The increasing number of indigenous people who follow this educational program made the birth of a group of intellectuals born from the natives. This intellectual group pioneered the awareness in the unity and the national union called the Indonesian National Awakening which was pioneered early in the 20th century.

In the national movement is also supported by certain factors such as the following.

Internal factors

1. People who suffer and misery due to colonialism,
The colonial government that perpetrated cruelty, exploitation, oppression, and injustice while occupying the archipelago has made a deep hatred for the people of the archipelago to cause much resistance to the colonial government.

2. Memories of the glory of the past,
The hereditary story of the glory of the archipelago in the past that is so amazing makes the motivation for the successor of the nation to rise up. Like the kingdom of Mataram, Sriwijaya, and Majapahit who experienced the glory in the archipelago in the past.

3. The birth of intellectuals.
The impact of ethical politics in educational program policies begins to give positive results as the birth of intellectuals who can pioneer the resurrection in terms of nationality.

External Factors

1. Japan's victory over Russia,
Japan, which is one of the countries in the continent of Asia who successfully rose and defeated victorious Russia, made the motivation for the people of the archipelago to make changes by implementing the national movement.

2. Successful national movement in Asian-African countries,
The success experienced by Asian and African countries to motivate the people of the archipelago to do the same.

3. The entry and development of new understandings,
Incoming understandings such as democracy, socialism, and nationalism encourage the people of Nusantara to uphold justice, especially in human rights.

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